Look at the picture. What is it about? Can you remember a cricket match in which you saw some great catches?In small groups discuss a recent cricket match in which you have seen some great catches taken by the fielding side. Talk about those actions of catching by answering the following questions:
1. How were the catches taken?
2. Where in the field were the catches taken?
3. How many times did they drop a catch?
4. When were the catches taken?
You might have noticed that adverbs are used to describe various aspects of a particular action – the time, place, manner or frequency of the action. Thus adverbs are categorised as follows:
1. Adverbs of manner
2. Adverbs of place
3. Adverbs of time
4. Adverbs of frequency
Adverbs of manner: Read the following seven pieces of advice on making a happy and successful life. Notice the words ending in ly. Can you tell what kinds of words they are?
Work diligently
Share generously
Listen patiently
Try fearlessly
Laugh heartily
Help willingly
Speak graciously
Run steadily
Love completely
The words ending with ly are examples of adverbs. But do you know what kind of adverbs they are? They are known as adverbs of manner. An adverb of manner tells us how something happens or is done. Most adverbs of manner end in-ly such as badly, happily, sadly, slowly, quickly. There are also some adverbs that do not end in -ly. For example: well, hard, fast, etc. Here you have more examples to see how the adverbs of manner have been used.
• The soldiers were badly injured in the battle.
• They had to act fast to save the others floating in the water.
• She is 60 but still sings very well.
• She speaks loudly.
• The new driver was driving slowly.
Exercise: Choose a word from brackets to fill in the gaps. The first one is done as an example.
1 They did the work beautifully. (beautiful / beautifully)
2. She planned their trip to Italy very.(careful / carefully)
3. He painted the wall very. (bad / badly)
4. She speaks very. (quiet / quietly)
5. He walked along the road to school. (slow/slowly)
6. He drives too. (fast/well)
7. She knows the road. (good / well)
8. He plays the guitar. (terrible / terribly)
9. We will catch the train in the morning. So we have to get up. (early/late)
Adverbs of place
An adverb of place tells us where something is done or happens. We use it after the verb, object or at the end of a sentence. Adverbs of place include words such as above, below, here, outside, over there, there, under, upstairs, near, somewhere, outside, ahead, on the top, at some place.
1.We can stop here for lunch.
2.The hospital is over there on your right.
3.The classroom is on the floor below.
4.The children are playing outside.
5.He was standing near the wall.
6.There was a house on the top of the hill.
7.He lives somewhere in Dhaka.
8. She went upstairs.
Adverbs of time
An adverb of time tells us the time when something happens. We use it at the beginning or at the end of a sentence. We use it as a form of emphasis when we place it at the beginning. Adverbs of time include afterwards, already, always, immediately, last month, now, still, soon, then, yesterday, tomorrow, today, tonight, again and early.
1. He went for a walk yesterday.
2. He got a new job a few months ago.
3. Last week, we went to our village home.
4. I will buy a computer tomorrow.
5. Do it now.
6. She is still waiting for her brother.
7. He got up early in the morning.
Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the suitable time adverb. Do not use WHEN or IN
1. Titanic is the most beautiful film I have………………seen.
2. People of Bangladesh are ……………in favour of democracy.
3. The wedding was celebrated in a community hall and …………………a party was arranged.
4. It’s only fifty years…………..the computer was invented.
5. People. ……………….believed that women were inferior to men.
6. Many painters……go to Paris to get inspiration.
Adverbs of frequency
Read the following conversation between friends about watching movies. Notice the words in italics. What do these words tell us about their frequency of going to the cinema?
Rajib: Hi Subrata, I saw you the other day in front of Star Cinema. Do you often go to the cinema?
Subrata: Not really. I don’t go to the cinema quite often. But I always watch movies at home.
Sumona: : I also don’t go to the cinema regularly. But sometimes I watch good films on television.
Rajib: But don’t you think that cinema halls are ideal places for watching films? You can never have the atmosphere of a cinema hall at your home.
Subrata: I agree with you. Cinema halls are always better. But we can’t go to cinema halls every week. We actually go to the cinema once in a month.
Sumona: You are lucky Subrata. I hardly ever go to the cinema. I actually go there very rarely.
An adverb of frequency tells us how often something is done or happens. Words used as adverbs of frequency include again, almost, always, ever, frequently, generally, hardly ever, nearly, nearly always, never, occasionally, often, rarely, seldom, sometimes, twice, usually, daily, sometimes, often, monthly, yearly and weekly.
Look at some more examples of adverb of frequency.
1.While overseas, he frequently phoned home.
2.We only write to each other very occasionally.
3.Sometimes he goes to the cinema to see a film.
4.He phoned me twice on the same day.
5.He goes to school daily.
6.She is never late for class.
7.They always come in time.
8.Barking dogs seldom bite.
9.The employees are usually paid monthly.
